Use Generative AI to expand an image in Krita

I was playing around with the Generative AI Diffusion plugin for Krita (https://github.com/Acly/krita-ai-diffusion) but I could not figure out how to expand an image for a while. Eventually, I learnt how to get the job done by doing the following steps, illustrated below.

1. Load in an image you want to expand, e.g. a Halloween pumpkin, in Krita.
   

   

   The image to be expanded loaded in Krita
   

   
   
   
   
2. Next, select the crop command in the tool palette, or press C on the keyboard. Then click on the image itself.
   

   

   Handles appear around the image
   

   
   
   
   
3. Use the mouse to drag the handles in the direction to be expanded, e.g. to the left.
   
   

   

   Drag the handle to the left in the expansion direction
   

   
   
   
4. Now, double click in the empty expanded area.
   
   

   

   The image is resized but empty of content in the expanded area

   
   
   
   
5. Click the Rectangular Selection tool or press CTRL-R. Drag out the empty expanded area to define a rectangle.
   
   

   

   Select the area for AI image generation
   

   
   
   
   
6. In the AI Image Generation docker, choose an appropriate style, e.g. Digital Artwork. Type in a suitable prompt, e.g. Halloween pumpkin still life, pastel style. Then press the Expand button.
   
   

   

   Choose a style and enter a prompt
   

   
   
   
7. A preview of the AI generated image appears as shown below. You can see the AI has taken the image context and prompt to fill in the empty expanded area.
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

Batch Convert Coordinates using the Koordinat2 app

 

A batch coordinates conversion tool has been added to the Koordinat2 web app (https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html) to perform bulk coordinates transformation between coordinate systems. 

This post shows how to use the Batch Coordinates Converter.

Launch the Batch Coordinates Converter

1. Use a browser to open the Koordinat2 web app url (https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html).
   
   
   
   
   
2. Tap the hamburger icon on the top left.
   
   The Navigation drawer appears.
   
   
   
   
3. Tap the Batch Coordinates Converter list item.
   
   The Batch Coordinates Converter screen appears.
   
   
   

Define the Primary Coordinate System

1. In the Primary Coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Primary coordinates selection appears.
   
   
   
2. Select a coordinate system from the list or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in the name of the coordinate system e.g. MGRS.
   
   MGRS is selected as the primary coordinate system.
   
   

Define the Secondary Coordinate System

1. In the Secondary Coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Secondary Coordinates screen appears.
   
   
   
2. Select a coordinate system from the list or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in the name of the coordinate system e.g. WGS 84.
   
   WGS 84 geographic is selected as the secondary coordinate system.
   
   

Enter the coordinates and perform the conversion

1. In the Primary Coordinates text field, type or paste in the coordinates to convert.
   
   
   
   
2. Click the right arrow to convert from primary to secondary coordinate system.
   
   The coordinates are converted.
   

   

Convert East North Up (ENU) to/from longitude,latitude and other various coordinate systems

 

The Koordinat2 web app (https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html) has been upgraded to perform coordinate transformation between local coordinate system East North Up (ENU) and many other coordinate systems including MGRS, North East Down, ECEF, geographic longitude/latitude, etc. 

This post shows the typical steps to perform the local ENU conversion to other coordinate systems.

Define the ENU local origin 

The local origin should be as near as possible to the area of interest. If it is too far away, the calculation rounding errors would result in erroneous converted coordinates.

1. Use a browser to open the Koordinat2 web app url (https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html).
   
   The Koordinat2 web app home page appears.
   
   
   
2. Click the hamburger menu icon on the top left.
   
   The Navigation drawer opens.
   
   
   
   
3. Click the Settings item.
   
   The Settings dialog appears.
   
   
   
   
   
4. Choose the item North East Down/East North Up reference origin.
   
   The NED/ENU Reference Origin appears.
   
   
   
   
5. In the dialog, enter the reference origin Longitude, Latitude, and Altitude. Click Save.
   
   The Reference Origin is saved.
   
   

Define ENU as the Primary coordinates (input)

1. In the Primary coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Primary coordinates selection appears.
   
   
   
   
   
2. Select East North Up from the list or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in ENU.
   
   
   
   

Define the Secondary coordinates (output)

1. In the Secondary coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Secondary coordinates selection appears.
   
   
   
   
   
   
2. Select a desired coordinate system e.g. MGRS from the list or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in  MGRS.
   
   
   
   

Enter ENU coordinates

1. In the Primary coordinates card, type in the East, North and Up values.
   
   The ENU values are converted to the secondary coordinates. And a marker appears on the map.
   
   
   
   
   

Trainsity World App

 

Navigate public train networks effortlessly with the Trainsity World app's high-resolution vector maps. Choose and download the maps you need, enjoying detailed zoom levels without sacrificing storage space. Access all features offline, without needing an internet connection.

Key Features:

High-Resolution Vector Maps: Crisp, clear maps with multiple zoom levels for detailed viewing.
 

Offline Functionality: Download maps and use them anytime, anywhere, without an internet connection.
 

Interactive Stations: Tap on a train station to open Google Maps, view the surrounding area, and get precise routing directions.

Optimized Travel Planning: Use the offline function to calculate the best routes between stations, complete with step-by-step directions and estimated timings. 

Note: Actual travel times may vary.

Discover a seamless way to explore train networks with our intuitive and efficient app. 

Available maps:

1. Singapore
2. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
   
3. Sapporo, Japan
   
4. Recife, Brazil
   
5. Brasilia, Brazil
   
6. Vancouver, Canada
7. Hong Kong, China
8. Bangkok, Thailand
9. Manila, Philippines
10. Osaka, Japan
11. Amsterdam, Netherlands
12. Hanoi, Vietnam  
13. Utrecht, Netherlands
14. Jakarta, Indonesia 
15. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
16. Palembang, Indonesia
17. Edmonton, Canada
18. Calgary, Canada
19. Sydney, Australia
20. Fukuoka, Japan
21. Paris, France
22. Fortaleza, Brazil
23. Montreal, Canada
24. Rome, Italy
25. Toronto, Canada
26. Lyon, France
27. Algiers, Algeria  
28. São Paulo, Brazil
    

 Download and try out the Trainsity World app from the following stores:

 

 

QGIS - Finding location by coordinates

If you need to find specific locations by entering coordinates directly on a map, QGIS offers a handy tool for this purpose. I stumbled upon this feature by chance, and it’s incredibly useful. On the status bar at the bottom of the QGIS interface, there is a field where you can input the desired map coordinates. Here’s how you can use it:

1. Open QGIS: Start by launching the QGIS application.
   
   
   
   
   
   
2. Click on the Status Bar Field: Locate the status bar at the bottom left of the screen and click on the input field. A dialog box will pop up.
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
3. Enter Coordinates:  Enter the coordinates you want to locate, for example, 3.0584N, 101.566E.
   
   
   
   
   
   
4. Press ENTER: After typing in the coordinates, hit the ENTER key.
   
   
   

A red circle will blink a few times on the map, indicating the location you specified. This simple yet powerful tool makes it easy to pinpoint exact locations on your map with just a few clicks.

Convert Earth Centered Earth Fixed to/from other coordinate systems with this web app Koordinat2

According to Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth-centered%2C_Earth-fixed_coordinate_system: in today's modern age of navigation and spatial referencing, there's a key player that often goes unnoticed: the Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system, more commonly known as ECEF. This sophisticated system, akin to a cosmic GPS, allows us to pinpoint locations with incredible precision. Picture this: a cartesian grid that not only encompasses the Earth's surface but also delves deep into its core, reaches high into the atmosphere, and extends into the surrounding outer space. Through X, Y, and Z measurements from the Earth's center of mass, ECEF opens up a world of possibilities for mapping and exploration.

The WebApp Koordinat2 here on https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html has been enhanced to include conversions between ECEF and various other geo-coordinate systems.  

The following shows how to use convert ECEF to/fro longitude, latitude, altitude WGS84.

Define ECEF as the Primary coordinates (input)

1. Open a browser to the Koordinat2 web app url https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html.
   
   The Koordinat2 web app home page is displayed.
   
   
   
   
   
2. In the Primary coordinates input card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Primary coordinates selection dialog box appears with a list of favorite coordinate systems.
   
   
   
   
   
   
3. Click the ECEF item from the favorite list, or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in ECEF.
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

Define WGS 84 as the Secondary coordinates (output)

1. In the Secondary coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Secondary coordinates favorites list is displayed.
   
   
   
2. Click on the WGS 84 item from the favorites list, or click the Search icon and typing in WGS 84 to search for it.
   
   
   
   
   
   

Enter ECEF coordinates

1. In the Primary coordinates card, type in the X, Y, and Z ECEF values.
   
   The ECEF values are converted to the secondary WGS 84 coordinates. A marker appears on the map.
   
   
   
   
   
   

Convert North East Down (NED) to/from longitude,latitude and other various coordinate systems

The Koordinat2 web app (https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html) has been upgraded to perform coordinate transformation between local coordinate system North East Down (NED) and many other coordinate systems including MGRS, geographic longitude/latitude, etc. 

This post shows the typical steps to perform the local NED conversion to other coordinate systems.

Define the NED local origin 

The local origin should be as near as possible to the area of interest. If it is too far away, the calculation rounding errors would result in erroneous converted coordinates.

1. Use a browser to open the Koordinat2 web app url (https://dominoc925-pages.appspot.com/webapp/koordinat2/default.html).
   
   The Koordinat2 web app home page appears.
   
   
   
2. Click the hamburger menu icon on the top left.
   
   The Navigation drawer opens.
   
   
   
   
3. Click the Settings item.
   
   The Settings dialog appears.
   
   
   
4. Choose the item North East Down reference origin.
   
   The NED Reference Origin appears.
   
   
   
5. In the dialog, enter the reference origin Longitude, Latitude, and Altitude. Click Save.
   
   The Reference Origin is saved.
   
   

Define NED as the Primary coordinates (input)

1. In the Primary coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Primary coordinates selection appears.
   
   
   
   
   
2. Select North East Down from the list or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in NED.
   
   
   

Define the Secondary coordinates (output)

1. In the Secondary coordinates card, click the gear icon.
   
   The Secondary coordinates selection appears.
   
   
   
   
   
   
2. Select a desired coordinate system e.g. WGS 84 from the list or search for it by clicking the Search icon and typing in  WGS 84.
   
   
   

Enter NED coordinates

1. In the Primary coordinates card, type in the North, East, and Down values.
   
   The NED values are converted to the secondary coordinates. And a marker appears on the map.
   
   
   
   

Deserialize a list of JSON objects using json_annotation and json_serializable in Flutter

I could not find an example of how to read in a list of JSON objects from a file using the Flutter packages: json_annotation and json_serializable. After a while I figured the way to do it. This post shows an example of automating JSON de-serialization of a JSON file that looks like the following:

[
    {
        "code": "NED",
        "fullname": "North East Down (local)",
    },
    {
        "code": "ECEF",
        "fullname": "Earth Centered Earth Fixed (ECEF)",
    },    
    {
        "code": "LLA",
        "fullname": "WGS 84",
    }
]

Install the Flutter packages Json_serializable and Json_annotation

In a Terminal, type in the following:

$ cd /path/to/the/root/of/flutter/project/

$ flutter pub add json_annotation

$ flutter pub add json_serializable

Code the model class dart file

1. In a text editor, create the model class dart file, e.g. cs_model.dart.
   
   
2. Type in the following:
   
   

import 'package:json_annotation/json_annotation.dart';

// Part file to be auto generated
part 'cs_model.g.dart';

@JsonSerializable()
class APICoordSysQuery {

  // Factory method to load in the list of JSON objects
  factory APICoordSysQuery.fromJson(List<dynamic> parsedJson){
    List<APICoordSys> csList = List<APICoordSys>.empty();
    csList = parsedJson.map ( (e) => APICoordSys.fromJson(e)).toList();
    return APICoordSysQuery(
      csList: csList,
    );
  }
  
  // To be auto generated by the Json_serializable package
  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => _$APICoordSysQueryToJson(this);

  @JsonKey(name: 'csList')
  List<APICoordSys> csList;

  APICoordSysQuery({
    required this.csList
  });
}

@JsonSerializable()
class APICoordSys {
  
  // Factory method to deserialize a JSON object to be auto generated
  factory APICoordSys.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) =>
    _$APICoordSysFromJson(json);
  
  // Factory method to serialize a JSON Object to be auto generated
  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => _$APICoordSysToJson(this);

  @JsonKey(name: 'code')
  String code;
  @JsonKey(name: 'fullname')
  String fullName;

  // Constructor
  APICoordSys({
    required this.code,
    required this.fullName
  });
}

Generate the .part file

1. In a Terminal, run the following:
   
   $ cd /path/to/flutter/root/project/
   $ dart run build_runner build
   
   
   Processing messages appear and the cs_model.part.g.dart file is generated.
   
   

Now you should be able to load in a list of JSON objects in Flutter.